Adjuvant Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Prospect of Immunotherapy

Although patients undergo procedures with curative intent for early stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), up to 70% of patients may have disease recurrence in the liver at 5 years. Thus far, no therapy has proven to be effective in the adjuvant setting. Here, we discuss the application of immune based therapies in the adjuvant setting for HCC focusing on the underlying rationale for immunotherapies, which patients may benefit from an immune based therapy and what type of immune therapy should be implemented.